簡介

> 使用AT方式連接阿里云分為一機(jī)一密和一型一密兩種方式，其中一機(jī)一密又包括HTTP認(rèn)證二次連接和MQTT直連兩種方式
>
> - 關(guān)聯(lián)文檔和使用工具：
> - [AT固件獲取]
> - [在線加/解密工具]
> - [阿里云平臺]

準(zhǔn)備工作

1. Air780EP_全I(xiàn)O開發(fā)板一套，包括天線SIM卡，USB線，并燒錄AT固件

2. PC電腦，串口工具

3. 準(zhǔn)備設(shè)備證書及產(chǎn)品證書

**注意：下方證書信息僅為本教程使用，用戶需要使用自己的證書信息**

```lua
--設(shè)備證書
{
"ProductKey": "k1hipglLdjU",
"DeviceName": "868488076506128",
"DeviceSecret": "fef32adf6dad46c2c7cbf335d3a7b021"
}
--產(chǎn)品證書
{
"ProductSecret": "8LQwOYSZMwp3DFBd",
"ProductKey": "k1hipglLdjU"
}
```

阿里云操作

產(chǎn)品操作

打開[阿里云平臺]找到**物聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺**，開通業(yè)務(wù)后進(jìn)入**控制臺**。

點開**設(shè)備管理**的**產(chǎn)品頁面**，點擊**新建產(chǎn)品**。根據(jù)需求和圖示說明創(chuàng)建產(chǎn)品。

設(shè)備操作

創(chuàng)建產(chǎn)品完成后就可以進(jìn)入設(shè)備頁面添加設(shè)備，在對應(yīng)產(chǎn)品頁面進(jìn)入設(shè)備管理，按照提示添加設(shè)備

**（在做正式產(chǎn)品時建議使用imei為devicename，方便后期維護(hù)）**

[阿里云設(shè)備創(chuàng)建](https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/73729.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.573.55977b7bAjX04B)

# 連接阿里云

## 一機(jī)一密AT HTTP鑒權(quán)連接

- 首先需要使用HmacMD5計算哈希值用于簽名，使用網(wǎng)址：[在線加/解密工具](http://encode.chahuo.com/)

```
明文： clientId868488076506128deviceName868488076506128productKeyk1hipglLdjU
秘鑰： fef32adf6dad46c2c7cbf335d3a7b021
結(jié)果： 0f655b12adf519b9a7a2b0a990f398b6
```

- 拼接DOWNLOAD參數(shù)

```
productKey=k1hipglLdjU&sign=0f655b12adf519b9a7a2b0a990f398b6&clientId=868488076506128&deviceName=868488076506128
```

- AT交互流程如下所示

1. 激活網(wǎng)絡(luò)

```
[03:09:17.105]發(fā)→◇AT+CGATT?
□
[03:09:17.106]收←◆AT+CGATT?

+CGATT: 1

OK

[03:09:24.575]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=3,1,"CONTYPE","GPRS"
□
[03:09:24.579]收←◆AT+SAPBR=3,1,"CONTYPE","GPRS"

OK

[03:09:32.363]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=3,1,"APN","CMIOT"
□
[03:09:32.365]收←◆AT+SAPBR=3,1,"APN","CMIOT"

OK

[03:09:38.899]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=1,1
□
[03:09:38.901]收←◆AT+SAPBR=1,1

OK
```

2. 初始化HTTP

```
[03:09:43.901]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPINIT
□
[03:09:43.903]收←◆AT+HTTPINIT

OK
```

3. 寫入網(wǎng)址URL

```
[03:09:50.783]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPPARA="URL",https://iot-auth.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/auth/devicename
□
[03:09:50.786]收←◆AT+HTTPPARA="URL",https://iot-auth.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/auth/devicename

OK
```

4. 設(shè)置本次請求的hearder，**注意"Content-type: " 后面有一個空格**

```
[03:09:57.667]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPPARA="USER_DEFINED","Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
□
[03:09:57.671]收←◆AT+HTTPPARA="USER_DEFINED","Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"

OK
```

5. 配置寫入DOWNLOAD參數(shù)指令，**注意這個112是DOWNLOAD參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)長度（以字節(jié)為單位），實際使用時，要根據(jù)自己的數(shù)據(jù)長度進(jìn)行修改，切記！??！ 待出現(xiàn)DOWNLOAD后發(fā)送通過前文計算拼接出來的DOWNLOAD參數(shù)**

```
[03:10:05.246]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPDATA=112,20000
□
[03:10:05.249]收←◆AT+HTTPDATA=112,20000

DOWNLOAD
```

6. 寫入DOWNLOAD參數(shù)，**注意最好自己復(fù)制這串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，然后修改具體的值，不要全部手動輸入，否則很容易出問題，切記?。?！**

```
[03:10:10.735]發(fā)→◇productKey=k1hipglLdjU&sign=0f655b12adf519b9a7a2b0a990f398b6&clientId=868488076506128&deviceName=868488076506128
□
[03:10:10.740]收←◆
OK
```

7. HTTPACTION的信息上報，正常的話會回復(fù)狀態(tài)碼200

```
[03:10:16.378]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPACTION=1
□
[03:10:16.381]收←◆AT+HTTPACTION=1

OK
```

8. 收到信息上報正?；貜?fù)狀態(tài)碼200，收到返回數(shù)據(jù)長度為124

```
[03:10:18.025]收←◆
+HTTPACTION: 1,200,124
```

9. 讀取請求結(jié)果，**注意，HTTPREAD返回的數(shù)據(jù)中有iotId和iotToken，其中iotId的值為MQTT client的用戶名，iotToken的值為MQTT client的密碼**

```
[03:10:51.867]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPREAD
□
[03:10:51.870]收←◆AT+HTTPREAD

+HTTPREAD: 124
{"code":200,"data":{"iotId":"2BGmgWFvoXlbi1Er9sk4k1hip0","iotToken":"137eb0759ca248b79383a60c0b0e0f80"},"message":"success"}
OK
```

10. 配置連接阿里云，**注意，第一個值為clientId，第二個值為iotId，第三個值為iotToken**

```
[03:13:32.942]發(fā)→◇AT+MCONFIG="868488076506128","2BGmgWFvoXlbi1Er9sk4k1hip0","137eb0759ca248b79383a60c0b0e0f80"
□
[03:13:32.945]收←◆AT+MCONFIG="868488076506128","2BGmgWFvoXlbi1Er9sk4k1hip0","137eb0759ca248b79383a60c0b0e0f80"

OK
```

11. 建立連接，**注意，收到CONNECT OK后立刻發(fā)送指令建立會話，不然會被踢，一定注意?。。?*

```lua
[03:13:51.493]發(fā)→◇AT+SSLMIPSTART="a1qsHBbKtmc.iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com",1883
□
[03:13:51.496]收←◆AT+SSLMIPSTART="a1qsHBbKtmc.iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com",1883

OK

[03:13:52.911]收←◆
CONNECT OK

[03:13:53.182]發(fā)→◇AT+MCONNECT=1,120
□
[03:13:53.185]收←◆AT+MCONNECT=1,120

OK

[03:13:53.434]收←◆
CONNACK OK
```

- 連接成功

## 一機(jī)一密AT直連MQTT

- 當(dāng)設(shè)備屬于公共實例，使用一型一密預(yù)注冊認(rèn)證方式時，動態(tài)注冊參數(shù)如下：

```lua
mqttClientId: clientId+"|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1,timestamp=132323232|"
mqttUsername: deviceName+"&"+productKey
mqttPassword: sign_hmac(deviceSecret,content)
```

| 參數(shù) | 說明 |
| :----------- | :----------------------------------------------------------- |
| clientId | 客戶端ID：長度在64個字符內(nèi)，建議使用IMEI或SN碼方便區(qū)分不同客戶端 |
| securemode | 安全模式： 2 (TLS直連模式），3 (TCP直連模式) |
| signmethod | 表示簽名算法類型。支持hmacmd5，hmacsha1，hmacsha256。默認(rèn)為hmacmd5 |
| timestamp | 表示當(dāng)前時間毫秒值，可以不傳遞 |
| mqttPassword | 前文計算的簽名值 |

- AT交互流程如下所示

1. 配置MQTT參數(shù)

```
[03:51:26.001]發(fā)→◇AT+MCONFIG="868488076506128|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacmd5|","868488076506128&k1hipglLdjU","0f655b12adf519b9a7a2b0a990f398b6"
□
[03:51:26.004]收←◆AT+MCONFIG="868488076506128|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacmd5|","868488076506128&k1hipglLdjU","0f655b12adf519b9a7a2b0a990f398b6"

OK
```

2. 建立連接，**注意，第一個參數(shù)需要根據(jù)實際項目productKey修改**

```
[03:51:43.546]發(fā)→◇AT+SSLMIPSTART="k1hipglLdjU.iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com",1883
□
[03:51:43.549]收←◆AT+SSLMIPSTART="k1hipglLdjU.iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com",1883

OK
```

3. 建立會話，**注意，收到 CONNECT OK 后立刻發(fā)送指令建立會話，不然會被踢，一定注意?。?！**

```
[03:51:45.836]收←◆
CONNECT OK

[03:51:48.961]發(fā)→◇AT+MCONNECT=1,120
□
[03:51:48.964]收←◆AT+MCONNECT=1,120

OK

[03:51:49.179]收←◆
CONNACK OK
```

## 一型一密AT方式連接

- 一型一密與一機(jī)一密的主要區(qū)別在于第一次連接的時候需要根據(jù)協(xié)議請求秘鑰，首先需要在阿里云打開動態(tài)注冊開關(guān)，如下圖所示

- 使用到的參數(shù)如下所示

```lua
{
"ProductSecret": "8LQwOYSZMwp3DFBd",
"ProductKey": "k1hipglLdjU"
"DeviceName" "868488076506128"
}

明文：deviceName868488076506128productKeyk1hipglLdjUrandom123456
秘鑰：8LQwOYSZMwp3DFBd
HmacMD5計算結(jié)果：20558baadb2a0b04847767980f0ee67b

DOWNLOAD參數(shù)
--random 為隨機(jī)數(shù)，長度不定
productKey=k1hipglLdjU&deviceName=868488076506128&random=123456&sign=20558baadb2a0b04847767980f0ee67b&signMethod=HmacMD5
```

- 當(dāng)設(shè)備屬于公共實例，使用一型一密預(yù)注冊認(rèn)證方式時，動態(tài)注冊參數(shù)如下：

```lua
mqttClientId: clientId+"|securemode=2,authType=xxxx,random=xxxx,signmethod=xxxx|"
mqttUserName: deviceName+"&"+productKey
mqttPassword: sign_hmac(productSecret,content)
```

- AT交互流程如下所示

1. 激活網(wǎng)絡(luò)，**注意，先發(fā)送AT+CGATT?查詢是否附著上GPRS數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，返回+CGATT: 1后，才能執(zhí)行下面的三個 AT指令。**

```
[04:07:13.901]發(fā)→◇AT+CGATT?
□
[04:07:13.902]收←◆AT+CGATT?

+CGATT: 1

OK

[04:07:23.900]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=3,1,"CONTYPE","GPRS"
□
[04:07:23.902]收←◆AT+SAPBR=3,1,"CONTYPE","GPRS"

OK

[04:07:31.245]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=3,1,"APN","CMIOT"
□
[04:07:31.248]收←◆AT+SAPBR=3,1,"APN","CMIOT"

OK

[04:07:38.659]發(fā)→◇AT+SAPBR=1,1
□
[04:07:38.661]收←◆AT+SAPBR=1,1

OK
```

2. 初始化HTTP

```
[04:08:35.329]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPINIT
□
[04:08:35.332]收←◆AT+HTTPINIT

OK
```

3. 寫入網(wǎng)址URL

```
[04:08:44.056]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPPARA="URL","https://iot-auth.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/auth/register/device"
□
[04:08:44.061]收←◆AT+HTTPPARA="URL","https://iot-auth.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/auth/register/device"

OK
```

4. 設(shè)置本次請求的hearder，**注意"Content-type: " 后面有一個空格**

```
[04:08:54.671]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPPARA="USER_DEFINED","Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
□
[04:08:54.674]收←◆AT+HTTPPARA="USER_DEFINED","Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"

OK
```

5. 配置寫入DOWNLOAD參數(shù)指令，**注意這個120是DOWNLOAD參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)長度（以字節(jié)為單位），實際使用時，要根據(jù)自己的數(shù)據(jù)長度進(jìn)行修改，切記?。。?待出現(xiàn)DOWNLOAD后發(fā)送通過前文計算拼接出來的DOWNLOAD參數(shù)**

```
[04:09:11.437]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPDATA=120,20000
□
[04:09:11.439]收←◆AT+HTTPDATA=120,20000

DOWNLOAD
```

6. 寫入DOWNLOAD參數(shù)，**注意最好自己復(fù)制這串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，然后修改具體的值，不要全部手動輸入，否則很容易出問題，切記?。?！**

```
[04:09:16.944]發(fā)→◇productKey=k1hipglLdjU&deviceName=868488076506128&random=123456&sign=20558baadb2a0b04847767980f0ee67b&signMethod=HmacMD5
□
[04:09:16.947]收←◆
OK
```

7. HTTPACTION的信息上報，正常的話會回復(fù)狀態(tài)碼200

```
[04:09:26.653]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPACTION=1
□
[04:09:26.656]收←◆AT+HTTPACTION=1

OK
```

8. 收到信息上報正?；貜?fù)狀態(tài)碼200，收到返回數(shù)據(jù)長度為149

```
[04:09:28.828]收←◆
+HTTPACTION: 1,200,149
```

9. 讀取請求結(jié)果

```
[04:09:43.709]發(fā)→◇AT+HTTPREAD
□
[04:09:43.711]收←◆AT+HTTPREAD

+HTTPREAD: 149
{"code":200,"data":{"deviceName":"868488076506128","deviceSecret":"fef32adf6dad46c2c7cbf335d3a7b021","productKey":"k1hipglLdjU"},"message":"success"}
OK
```

# 發(fā)布與訂閱消息

## 發(fā)布消息

- 發(fā)布Qos0消息

```
[04:58:06.798]發(fā)→◇AT+MPUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/update",0,0,"HelloWorld"
□
[04:58:06.802]收←◆AT+MPUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/update",0,0,"HelloWorld"

OK
```

- 發(fā)布Qos1消息，**注意，Qos1 消息必須等到PUBACK返回，才能發(fā)下一條消息**

```
[04:58:43.408]發(fā)→◇AT+MPUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/update",1,0,"HelloWorld"
□
[04:58:43.412]收←◆AT+MPUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/update",1,0,"HelloWorld"

OK

[04:58:43.709]收←◆
PUBACK
```

- 通過**物聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺-監(jiān)控運維-日志服務(wù)**可以直接查看日志信息

## 訂閱消息

- 訂閱主題

```
[05:01:58.568]發(fā)→◇AT+MSUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/get",0
□
[05:01:58.572]收←◆AT+MSUB="/k1hipglLdjU/868488076506128/user/get",0

OK

[05:01:58.887]收←◆
SUBACK
```

- 設(shè)置收到數(shù)據(jù)時的打印方式
配置為0時主動上報到串口，上報的 URC 為`+MSUB：,,`
配置為1時為緩存模式。有新訂閱消息時，上報的URC為 `+MSUB：`

```
[05:02:05.102]發(fā)→◇AT+MQTTMSGSET=0
□
[05:02:05.105]收←◆AT+MQTTMSGSET=0

OK
```

- 通過阿里云平臺發(fā)布消息